The following excerpt is from Perez v. Muniz, No. 1:18-cv-00190-LJO-SKO (HC) (E.D. Cal. 2019):
Attempted murder requires the specific intent to kill and the commission of a direct but ineffectual act toward accomplishing the intended killing. People v. Lee, 31 Cal.4th 613, 623 (2003). As an aider and abettor, the person must aid or encourage the perpetrator "with knowledge of the criminal purpose of the direct perpetrator and with an intent or purpose either of committing, or of encouraging or facilitating commission of the crime in question." Id. at 624 (internal citation and quotation marks omitted) (emphasis in original).
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